關(guān)乎安全和環(huán)境！加油站油氣回收裝置知識解答！

　　It's about safety and the environment! Knowledge answer for gas station oil and gas recovery device!

　　隨著我國燃油銷量不斷攀升，以及政府治污力度加大和治污標準提升，加油站油氣污染以及安全問題開始被重視！

　　With the continuous increase in fuel sales in our country, as well as the government's increased efforts in pollution control and the improvement of pollution control standards, oil and gas pollution and safety issues at gas stations have begun to be taken seriously!

　　油氣回收的必要性

　　The necessity of oil and gas recovery

　　油氣為加油站加油、卸油和儲存過程中揮發(fā)到空氣中形成的易揮發(fā)有機化合物。加油站正常作業(yè)中的油氣主要產(chǎn)生于兩個環(huán)節(jié)：一是收卸儲存環(huán)節(jié)，二是加油作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)，都會排放出與汽油體積相同的油蒸氣。加油站逸散的油氣，過去由于在空氣污染中所占比例不高，較少引起公眾重視。

　　Oil and gas are volatile organic compounds that evaporate into the air during refueling, unloading, and storage at gas stations. The oil and gas generated during normal operation at gas stations mainly come from two processes: one is the storage and unloading process, and the other is the refueling process, both of which emit oil vapor with the same volume as gasoline. The oil and gas emitted from gas stations have received less public attention in the past due to their low proportion in air pollution.

　　油氣回收系統(tǒng)原理

　　Principle of oil and gas recovery system

　　油氣回收系統(tǒng)一共分為三個階段：

　　The oil and gas recovery system is divided into three stages:

　　一次油氣回收系統(tǒng)即卸油油氣回收系統(tǒng)；

　　The primary oil and gas recovery system refers to the unloading oil and gas recovery system;

　　二次油氣回收系統(tǒng)即加油油氣回收系統(tǒng)；

　　The secondary oil and gas recovery system refers to the refueling oil and gas recovery system;

　　三次油氣回收系統(tǒng)即油氣回收后端處理系統(tǒng)。

　　The tertiary oil and gas recovery system refers to the back-end processing system for oil and gas recovery.

　　一次油氣回收系統(tǒng)

　　Primary oil and gas recovery system

　　油罐車卸油時采用密封式卸油，可以減少油氣向外界溢散。其基本原理是：油罐車卸下一定數(shù)量的油品，就需吸入大致相等的氣體補氣，而加油站內(nèi)的埋地油罐也因注入油品而向外排出相當數(shù)量的油氣，此油氣經(jīng)過導(dǎo)管重新輸回油罐車內(nèi)，完成油氣循環(huán)的卸油過程。

　　When unloading oil from a tanker truck, a sealed unloading method is used to reduce the overflow of oil and gas to the outside world. The basic principle is that when an oil tanker unloads a certain amount of oil, it needs to inhale roughly equal amounts of gas to replenish it, and the buried oil tanks in the gas station also discharge a considerable amount of oil and gas outward due to the injection of oil. This oil and gas are then transported back to the tanker through pipelines, completing the unloading process of the oil and gas cycle.

　　二次油氣回收系統(tǒng)

　　Secondary oil and gas recovery system

　　此階段的回收原理是加油機向汽車油箱發(fā)油時，以油氣回收真空泵做輔助動力，通過油氣回收加油槍、比例調(diào)節(jié)閥、拉斷閥、同軸膠管、油氣分離接頭、油氣回收管線等把汽車油箱里產(chǎn)生的油氣收集到地下儲油罐內(nèi)。

　　The recycling principle at this stage is that when the fuel dispenser sends oil to the car's fuel tank, the oil and gas recovery vacuum pump is used as auxiliary power to collect the oil and gas generated in the car's fuel tank into the underground storage tank through the oil and gas recovery refueling gun, proportional control valve, pull off valve, coaxial hose, oil and gas separation joint, oil and gas recovery pipeline, etc.

　　油氣回收主要任務(wù)

　　Main tasks of oil and gas recovery

　　一階段油氣回收改造的任務(wù)

　　The task of the first stage oil and gas recovery renovation

　　從加油站的各汽油儲油罐罐蓋引出回氣管道，并安裝三通浮球閥。然后將各油品儲油罐引出的回氣管道連通到一根卸油油氣回收主管上，使各汽油儲油罐上部空間連通，從連通的回氣管道延伸鋪設(shè)到卸油口旁(密閉卸油管道的各操作接口處，應(yīng)設(shè)快速接頭及悶蓋，并宜采用自閉式快速接頭),更多加油站資訊油品信息調(diào)油技術(shù)請關(guān)注公眾號加油站資訊加裝與卸油口相同的卸油口部件（作為回氣口）。油氣回收主管的公稱直徑不宜小于80mm。卸油油氣回收管道的接口宜采用自閉式快速接頭。地下管線坡度不小于1％，坡向油罐。為防止密閉系統(tǒng)卸油冒罐情況發(fā)生，可在卸油管線罐內(nèi)接管上安裝卸油防溢閥或在通氣管線上安裝防溢浮球閥。

　　Lead out the return pipeline from each gasoline storage tank cover at the gas station and install a three-way float valve. Then connect the return gas pipeline from each oil storage tank to a unloading oil gas recovery main pipe to connect the upper space of each gasoline storage tank, extend the connected return gas pipeline and lay it next to the oil unloading port (each operating interface of the closed oil unloading pipeline should be equipped with a quick connector and a blind cap, and it is advisable to use a self closing quick connector). For more information about the oil station, please pay attention to the information of the official account gas station. Install the same oil unloading port components as the oil unloading port (as the gas return port). The nominal diameter of the oil and gas recovery pipeline should not be less than 80mm. The interface of the oil and gas recovery pipeline should use a self closing quick connector. The slope of the underground pipeline shall not be less than 1%, facing towards the oil tank. To prevent oil spillage in a closed system, an oil spill prevention valve can be installed on the connecting pipe inside the oil discharge pipeline tank or an anti spill float ball valve can be installed on the ventilation pipeline.

　　用三通和彎頭將加油站各汽油儲油罐的呼吸管的頂端連通，將呼吸管原來所用的阻火器改裝成阻火呼吸閥。呼吸閥的工作正壓宜為2KPa~3KPa，工作負壓宜為1.5KPa~2Kpa.呼吸管的公稱直徑不宜小于50mm，通氣管管口高出地面的高度不應(yīng)小于4米，沿建（構(gòu)）筑物的墻（柱）向上敷設(shè)的通氣管，其管口應(yīng)高出建筑物的頂面1.5米及以上。由此油罐車和加油站儲油罐形成相對密閉的系統(tǒng)。油罐車向加油站儲油罐卸油過程時，與卸出的油等體積的油氣被置換出來，將此部分油氣置換到油罐車內(nèi)，一階段油氣回收完成。

　　Connect the top of the breathing tube of each gasoline storage tank at the gas station with a tee and elbow, and modify the flame arrester used in the breathing tube into a flame arrester breathing valve. The working positive pressure of the breathing valve should be between 2KPa and 3KPa, and the working negative pressure should be between 1.5KPa and 2Kpa. The nominal diameter of the breathing pipe should not be less than 50mm, and the height of the ventilation pipe mouth above the ground should not be less than 4 meters. For ventilation pipes laid upward along the walls (columns) of buildings, their mouth should be 1.5 meters or more above the top surface of the building. As a result, the oil tanker truck and gas station storage tanks form a relatively closed system. When the oil tanker unloads oil from the storage tank at the gas station, a volume of oil and gas equal to the unloaded oil is replaced, and this part of the oil and gas is replaced into the tanker, completing the first stage of oil and gas recovery.

　　二階段油氣回收改造的任務(wù)

　　The task of two-stage oil and gas recovery transformation

　　汽油加油機與油罐之間應(yīng)設(shè)油氣回收管道，多臺汽油加油機可共用1根油氣回收主管，油氣回收主管的公稱直徑不宜小于50mm，地下管線坡度不小于1％，坡向油罐。同時改造加油機，加裝油氣回收真空泵、油氣回收油槍、膠管、油氣分離接頭、拉斷閥和其他配套設(shè)備。在加油機底部與油氣回收立管的連接處,應(yīng)安裝一個用于檢測液阻和系統(tǒng)密閉性的絲接三通，其旁通短管上應(yīng)設(shè)公稱直徑為25mm的球閥及絲堵。加油機應(yīng)具備回收油氣功能，其加油槍的氣液比宜設(shè)定在1.0～1.2范圍之內(nèi)。根據(jù)油氣回收真空泵的安裝配置方式的不同，可分為集中式和分散式兩種油氣回收方式。

　　An oil and gas recovery pipeline should be installed between the gasoline refueling machine and the oil tank. Multiple gasoline refueling machines can share one oil and gas recovery main pipe, and the nominal diameter of the oil and gas recovery main pipe should not be less than 50mm. The slope of the underground pipeline should not be less than 1%, facing the oil tank. At the same time, the fuel dispenser will be retrofitted with oil and gas recovery vacuum pumps, oil and gas recovery guns, rubber hoses, oil and gas separation joints, break valves, and other supporting equipment. At the connection between the bottom of the fuel dispenser and the oil and gas recovery riser, a threaded tee should be installed to detect liquid resistance and system tightness. A ball valve with a nominal diameter of 25mm and a plug should be installed on the bypass short pipe. The refueling machine should have the function of recovering oil and gas, and the gas-liquid ratio of its refueling gun should be set within the range of 1.0-1.2. According to the different installation and configuration methods of oil and gas recovery vacuum pumps, there are two types of oil and gas recovery methods: centralized and decentralized.

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